Simulations 

Resources

Interprofessional Simulation Cases for Cultural Competence - The Center for International Rehabilitation Research Information & Exchange (CIRRIE) presents simulated clinical encounters with manikins and standardized patients for cultural competence training of rehabilitation students or providers. (link)

The Culturally Competent Care Education Committee (CCCECat Harvard Medical School (HMS) - CCCEC created this on-line resource center to share resources and information on initiatives in cross cultural education. They have a compilation of case studies (link) that present dilemmas in the delivery of Culturally Competent Care.

Simulation Education Diversity Assessment tool V10 - https://sim-versity.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Simulation-Education-Diversity-Assessment-Tool-10.pdf

Eastern Virginia Medical School (EVMC)  - Theresa A. Thomas Professional Skills Teaching and Assessment Center mission is to teach and assess clinical competencies in medical interviewing, clinical reasoning, ethical dilemmas, communication skills, physical examination, and the application of clinical knowledge. To accomplish their objectives, they use the services of standardized patients (SPs) from the community who are trained to present a clinical scenario, assess performance, and provide feedback to learners. They have developed SPs that address cultural issues. For more information contact: Gayle Gliva-McConvey; Email: GlivaGA@evms.edu

Maimonides Medical Center Department of Pediatrics - Dr. Altshuler was previously Co-Director of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics and Director of the Kids Weight Down Program and led an interdisciplinary team to deliver training and patient care. In 1998, she headed the Maimonides Department of Pediatrics Objective Structured Clinical Exam (OSCE) Training Committee. This group developed the first Culture OSCE in 1999, and has been implementing formative OSCEs for residents at Maimonides Medical Center and other teaching institutions since then. Contact: Lisa Altshuler, PhD; mail: altgold@yahoo.com

Hablamos Juntos Educational Partners Website - The University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine (UC Irvine) has developed an extension and implementation of their standardized patient program to include the Latino Standardize Patient Program for conditions present in the Latino Community. This program focuses on clinical conditions, which have a high level of incidence and prevalence in the Latino community. This information will be available to other interested educational programs. (Link)

Culture Learning: Simulations & Exercises - This website, compiled by the Intercultural Studies Project, is comprised of cultural simulations, exercises, films, and videos related to culture, that can be incorporated into the curriculum as starting points for classroom discussions of such issues. (Link)

Articles

Arif, S., Cryder, B., Mazan, J., Quiñones-Boex, A., & Cyganska, A. (2017). Using patient case video vignettes to improve students’ understanding of cross-cultural communication. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education81(3), 56.

Behnke, C. (2021). Using Simulation to educate Rural NP Students about cultural congruence. The Journal of Nurse Practitioners., 17(4), 476-480.

Benjamin, J. Z., Heredia Jr, D., Han, T., Kirtley, A. T., Morrison, E. J., & Leffler, J. M. (2021). Implementation of a cross-cultural simulation workshop: Feasibility and training satisfaction. Training and Education in Professional Psychology15(1), 45.

Byrne, D. (2020). Evaluating the level of cultural competence in undergraduate nursing students using standardized patients in simulation. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 15(1), 57-60.

Cantey, D., Randolph, S., Molloy, M., Carter, B., and Cary, M. (2017). Student-Developed Simulations: Enhancing Cultural Awareness and Understanding Social Determinants of Health. Journal of Nursing Education, 56(4), 243-246.

Charnetski, M. D., Asoodar, M., Yu, H., & van Mook, W. (2024). Cultural Considerations in the Formal Process of Simulation Curriculum Adaptation: A Scoping Review. Simulation in Healthcare19(3), 164-175.

Chianáin, L. N., Fallis, R., Johnston, J., McNaughton, N., & Gormley, G. (2021). Nothing about me without me: a scoping review of how illness experiences inform simulated participants’ encounters in health profession education. BMJ Simulation & Technology Enhanced Learning7(6), 611.

Colvin, A. (2020). Using Simulated Instruction to Prepare Students to Engage in Culturally Competent Practice. Journal of Social Work in the Global Community, 5(1), 1–18.  DOI: 10.5590/JSWGC.2020.05.1.01

Del Pino, F. J. P., Arrogante, O., Simonelli-Muñoz, A. J., Gallego-Gómez, J. I., & Jiménez-Rodríguez, D. (2022). Use of high-fidelity clinical simulation for the development of cultural competence of nursing students. Nurse Education Today116, 105465.

Díaz, D. A., Murillo, C., Bryant, K., Bajaj, K., Foronda, C. L., & Park, C. (2022). The alarm has sounded for equity in health care simulation. Now what?. NLN Nursing Edge.

Díaz, D. A., Murillo, C. L., Bryant, K., Todd, A., Uzosike, A., & Foronda, C. L. (2023). The Use of Racial and Ethnic Health care Disparities in Simulation-Based Experiences: A Systematic Review. Clinical Simulation in Nursing83, 101440.

Drevdahl, D. J. (2018). Impersonating culture: The effects of using simulated experiences to teach cultural competence. Journal of Professional Nursing.

Everson, N., Levett-Jones, T., Pitt, V., Lapkin, S., Van Der Riet, P., Rossiter, R., ... & Pratt, H. C. (2018). Analysis of the empathic concern subscale of the emotional response questionnaire in a study evaluating the impact of a 3D cultural simulation. International journal of nursing education scholarship15(1).

Fioravanti, M., Hagle, H., Puskar, K., Knapp, E., Kane, I., Lindsay, D., Terhorst L. and Mitchell, A. M. (2018). Creative learning through the use of simulation to teach nursing students screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment for alcohol and other drug use in a culturally competent manner. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 29(4), 387-394.

Foronda, C., Baptiste, D., Pfaff, T., Velez, R., Reinholdt, M., Sanchez, M. and Hudson, KJ. (2018). Cultural Competency and Cultural Humility in Simulation-Based Education: An Integrative Review. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 15: 42-60.

Foronda, C., Jefferies, K., & Walshe, N. (2022). Teaching equity, diversity, and inclusion through simulation: A new science. Clinical simulation in nursing71, 1-2.

Fung, J. T. C., Chan, S. L., Takemura, N., Chiu, H. Y., Huang, H. C., Lee, J. E., ... & Lin, C. C. (2023). Virtual simulation and problem-based learning enhance perceived clinical and cultural competence of nursing students in Asia: A randomized controlled cross-over study. Nurse Education Today, 105721.

Garvey, L., Mackelprang, J. L., Bhowmik, J., Cassar, N., Delbridge, R., El-Ansary, D., ... & Williams, A. (2022). Enhancing Cultural Capabilities Amongst Health Professions Students: A Pilot Study of Interprofessional Tag Team Simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing62, 83-91.

Graham, C., Atz, T., Phillips, S., Newman, S. & Foronda, C. (2018). Exploration of a racially diverse sample of nursing students’ satisfaction, self-efficacy, and perceptions of simulation using racially diverse manikins: A mixed methods pilot study. Clin Simul Nurs., 15:19-26.

Greenawalt, J. A., & Hawkins, P. M. (2019). Using an interactive framework to assess a cultural simulation for learning: Tag team patient safety simulation. Journal of Nursing Education58(10), 591-594.

Harder, N.(2018). Determining the Effects of Simulation on Intercultural Competency in Undergraduate Nursing Students. Nurse Educator, 43(1), 4-6.

Harvey, N. R., & Wynn, S. T. (2022). Simulating the Refugee Experience to Cultivate Cultural Competence and Sensitivity. Journal of Christian Nursing39(1), 47-51.

Hitt, A. et al. (2024) A Collaborative Simulation: Navigating Care and Advocacy for Diverse Patients in Crisis. Journal of Nursing Education, 63(6), 399-41.

Ilarde, M., Salinda, M., Vasquez, V. S., Fornolles, D. J. S., Morano, G. T., Acena, F. V. L., & Espinosa, J. B. (2023). Developing Cultural Competence Learning of the Nursing Students Using Simulation Strategies: An Integrative Review. Asian Journal of Research in Nursing and Health6(2), 11-12.

Johnson, T. (2021). An Innovative Educational Strategy to Influence Cultural Competence Utilizing Clinical Simulation with Diverse Standardized Patients (Doctoral dissertation, Carlow University).

Jones, Sarah. (2020). Infusion of cultural humility in hospice care: Effects of a cultural humility training and simulation exercise on hospice employees. Retrieved from Sophia, the St. Catherine University
repository website: https://sophia.stkate.edu/dnp_projects/114

Kelly, M. A., Slatyer, S., Myers, H., Gower, S., Mason, J., & Lasater, K. (2022). Using Audio-Visual Simulation to Elicit Nursing Students’ Noticing and Interpreting Skills to Assess Pain in Culturally Diverse Patients. Clinical Simulation in Nursing.

Kristoff, T. (2022). Co-constructing a diverse hybrid simulation-based experience on first nations culture. Clinical Simulation in Nursing67, 33-38.

Levett-Jones, T., Everson, N., & Lapkin, S. (2019). Exploring the impact of a 3D simulation on nursing students’ intention to provide culturally competent care. Clinical Simulation in Nursing36, 22-29.

Livesay, K., Lau, P., McNair, R. and Chiminello. (2017). The Culturally and Linguistically Diverse SPs' Evaluation of Simulation Experience. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 13(5), 228-237.

Maguire, M. (June, 2017). Using a Poverty Simulation in Graduate Medical Education as a Mechanism to Introduce Social Determinants of Health and Cultural Competency. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, pp. 386-387.

Marja, S. L., & Suvi, A. (2021). Cultural competence learning of the health care students using simulation pedagogy: An integrative review. Nurse Education in Practice52, 103044.

Marrast, L. M., Chim, C., Tocco, J., Coletti, D. J., Nouryan, C., Block, L., & Martinez, J. (2022). Expanding knowledge and changing attitudes about poverty: An interactive, interprofessional approach. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health13, 21501319221079446.

Mathew, L., Brewer, B., Crist, J., & Poedel, R. (2017). Designing a Virtual Simulation Case for Cultural Competence Using a Community-Based Participatory Research Approach: A Puerto Rican Case. Nurse Educator, 42(4): 191-194.

Merlin-Knoblich, C., Summers, L. & Abrams, L.  (2022). The Immediate and Extended Impacts of Poverty Simulations on Multicultural Attitudes and Attitudes Towards Poverty, Journal of Poverty. DOI: (Link)

Moussa, F. (2018). Using simulation and cultural competency skill to improve quality care to patients in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Health Sciences and Nursing, 3(7), 12-26.

Ndiwane, A. N., Baker, N. C., Makosky, A., Reidy, P., & Guarino, A. J. (2017). Use of simulation to integrate cultural humility into advanced health assessment for nurse practitioner students. Journal of Nursing Education56(9), 567-571.

Ndiwane, A., Baker, N., Makosky, A., Reidy, P. & Guarino, A. (2017). Use of Simulation to Integrate Cultural Humility into Advanced Heath Assessment for Nurse Practitioner Students. Journal of Nursing Education, 56(9), 567-571.

Nebergall, S., Dula, C. A. C., King, S. A., Matthews, D. E., Haas-Gehres, A., & Li, J. (2021). Educating pharmacy students about underserved populations using patient speakers and simulation activities. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education,

Nimmo, C., Behnke, L., Creech, C., Schellenberg, K., Turkelson, C., & Cooper, D. (2021). Using simulation to educate rural NP students about cultural congruence. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners17(4), 476-480.

Orr, Z., Machikawa, E., Unger, S., & Romem, A. (2022). Enhancing the Structural Competency of Nurses Through Standardized Patient Simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing62, 25-30.

Ozkara San, E. (2019). Effect of the diverse standardized patient simulation (DSPS) cultural competence education strategy on nursing students’ transcultural self-efficacy perceptions. Journal of Transcultural Nursing30(3), 291-302.

Paris, D. et al, (2023). Interprofessional Simulation as an Educational Tool to Assess Cultural Competence Among Health Professions Students. Simulation Healthcare, 18(3): 163-171.

Picketts, L., Warren, M. D., & Bohnert, C. (2021). Diversity and inclusion in simulation: Addressing ethical and psychological safety concerns when working with simulated participants. BMJ Simulation and Technology Enhanced Learning7(6): 590-599.

Pinto Taylor, E., Mulenos, A., Chatterjee, A., & Talwalkar, J. S. (2019). Partnering with interpreter services: standardized patient cases to improve communication with limited English proficiency patients.  MedEdPORTAL15, 10826.

Purdy, E., Symon, B., Marks, R. E., Speirs, C., & Brazil, V. (2023). Exploring equity, diversity, and inclusion in a simulation program using the SIM-EDI tool: the impact of a reflexive tool for simulation educators. Advances in Simulation8(1), 11.

Qin, Y. & Chaimongkol, N. (2021). Simulation With Standardized Patients Designed as Interventions to Develop Nursing Students' Cultural Competence: A Systematic Review. Journal of Nursing Education, 32(6),  787-789.

Rahman, H., Maerten-Rivera, J. L., Woodruff, A. E., & Prescott, G. M. (2022). Students' knowledge and perceptions of social determinants of health utilizing interactive computer simulation-based learning. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning14(7), 847-853.

Rothlind, E., Fors, U., Salminen, H., Wändell, P., & Ekblad, S. (2021). Virtual patients reflecting the clinical reality of primary care—A useful tool to improve cultural competence. BMC Medical Education, 21(1), https:// doi. org/ 10. 1186/ s12909- 021- 02701-z

San, E. O., Marx, K. A., Latimer, B., Robertiello, G., & Pasklinsky, N. (2022). The Use of Clinical Simulation to Address Disability Content Inclusion in Nursing Education: A Review of The Literature. Clinical Simulation in Nursing.

San, E., Dikec, G., Ata, E. & Sendir, M. (2021). Evaluation of the Use of Diverse Mental Health Simulation in Nursing Students' Learning Experience: An International Multisite Study. Nurse Educator46(6), E148-E153.

San, E. (2019). Effect of the Diverse Standardized Patient Simulation (DSPS) Cultural Competence Education Strategy on Nursing Students' Transcultural Self-Efficacy Perceptions.  Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 30(3), 291-302.

San, E. (2019). Development of the Diverse Standardized Patient Simulation Cultural Competence Education Strategy. Nursing Education Perspectives, 40(6), E31-E33.

Sauvé, A., Cappelletti, A., & Murji, L. (2022). Stand Up for Indigenous Health: A Simulation to Educate Residents About the Social Determinants of Health Faced by Indigenous Peoples in Canada. Academic Medicine97(4), 518-523.

Shin, M., Na, H., & Kim, S. (2023). Enhancing cultural competency and empathy toward foreign patients for Korean nursing students through a simulation: A quasi-experimental study. Nurse Education in Practice69, 103615.

Skjerve, H., Braaum, L. E., Goth, U. S., & Sørensen, A. (2023). Using Simulations to Help Public Health Students Overcome Language Barriers for Better Health Outcomes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health20(13), 6259.

Smallheer, B., Chidume, T., M’lyn, K. H., Dawkins, D., & Pestano-Harte, M. (2022). A scoping review of the priority of diversity, inclusion, and equity in health care simulation. Clinical Simulation in Nursing.

Stuckey, L., & Wright, A. (2019). Simulating cultural competence.  Nurse Educator44(4), 177.

Ton, D. N. M., Duong, T. T. K., Tran, H. T., Nguyen, T. T. T., Mai, H. B., Nguyen, P. T. A., ... & Ho, T. T. T. (2024). Effects of Standardized Patient Simulation and Mobile Applications on Nursing Students’ Clinical Competence, Self-Efficacy, and Cultural Competence: A Quasi-Experimental Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health21(4), 515.

Turkelson, C., Cooper, D., Creech, C., Schellenberg, K., & Behnke, L. (2021). Using Simulation to Enhance Nurse Practitioner Students Cultural Sensitivity, Communication, and Empathy with Vulnerable Populations. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 56: 108-116.

Turk, M. T., & Colbert, A. M. (2018). Using simulation to help beginning nursing students learn about the experience of poverty: A descriptive study. Nurse Education Today71: 174-179.

Uzelli Yilmaz, D., Azim, A., & Sibbald, M. (2022). The Role of Standardized Patient Programs in Promoting Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion: A Narrative Review.  Academic Medicine97(3), 459-468.

Van Kessel G, Fryer C, Flynn B, Ferrar K, Roush S. Effectiveness of Training in Changing Allied Health Students’ Cultural Competency Skills.(2022).  The Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice. Jan 03;20(1), Article 2.

Vora, S., Dahlen, B., Adler, M., Kessler, D. O., Jones, V. F., Kimble, S., & Calhoun, A. (2021). Recommendations and guidelines for the use of simulation to address structural racism and implicit bias. Simulation in Healthcare16(4), 275-284.

Walshe, N., Condon, C., Gonzales, R. A., Burke, E., Chianáin, L. N., Thamanam, N., ... & O'Regan, P. (2022). Cultural Simulations, Authenticity, Focus, and Outcomes: A Systematic Review of the Healthcare Literature. Clinical Simulation in Nursing.

Walkowska, A., Przymuszała, P., Marciniak-Stępak, P., Nowosadko, M., & Baum, E. (2023). Enhancing Cross-Cultural Competence of Medical and Healthcare Students with the Use of Simulated Patients—A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health20(3), 2505.

Waxman, K. T., Rowniak, S., Donovan, J. B., & Selix, N. (2020). Using simulation to provide culturally competent care to transgender and gender nonconforming patients. Clinical Simulation in Nursing47, 48-51.

West, R., Saunders, V., West, L., Blackman, R., Del Fabbro, L., Neville, G., ... & Rogers, G. D. (2022). Indigenous-led First Peoples Health Interprofessional and Simulation-Based Learning Innovations: Mixed methods study of nursing academics' experience of working in partnership.  Contemporary Nurse, 1-34.

Ward‐Gaines, J., Buchanan, J. A., Angerhofer, C., McCormick, T., Broadfoot, K. J., Basha, E., ... & Sungar, W. G. (2021). Teaching emergency medicine residents health equity through simulation immersion. AEM Education and Training5, S102-S107.

Wilson, K., Turkelson, C, Logan, T. & Rhodes, N. (2022). Racism and professional competence: Nursing students in interracial evaluations. Journal of Nursing Education, 61(1),  41-45.

Wyss, L., Donnenwirth, J. A., Ross, R., & Hess, R. F. (2022). Educating Nursing Students About Female Genital Cutting/Mutilation Using a Standardized Patient in a Virtual Dramatization Simulation. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 33(5), 652-658.

Yabusaki A. S., Han M., Ida D. J. (2021). Using standardized patients to improve the quality of care for AAPI populations. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology. Advance online publication.

Zdradzinski, M. J., Backster, A., Heron, S., White, M., Laubscher, D., & Siegelman, J. N. (2019). A novel simulation to assess residents' utilization of a medical interpreter. MedEdPORTAL15, 10853.