Race & Genomics
Publications
Adkins-Jackson, P., Chantarat, T., Bailey, Z. & Ponce, N. (2022). Measuring Structural Racism: A Guide for Epidemiologists and Other Health Researchers. Am J Epidemiol., 191(4), 539-547.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Meetings examine impact of healthcare algorithms on racial and ethnic disparities in health and healthcare. Accessed August 31, 2023. https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/news/meetings
Ahn, S., Lobo, J. M., Logan, J. G., Kang, H., Kwon, Y., & Sohn, M. W. (2021). A scoping review of racial/ethnic disparities in sleep. Sleep Medicine, 81, 169-179.
Altman, M. R., Kantrowitz-Gordon, I., Moise, E., Malcolm, K., Vidaković, M., Barrington, W., O’Connor, M. R., & de Castro, A. B. (2021). Addressing positionality within case-based learning to mitigate systemic racism in health care. Nurse Educator, 46(5), 284–289.
American Academy of Pediatrics Board of Directors, & Executive Committee. (2021). AAP perspective: race-based medicine. Pediatrics, 148(4).
Amutah, C., Greenidge, K., Mante, A., Munyikwa, M., Surya, S. L., Higginbotham, E., … & Aysola, J. (2021). Misrepresenting race—the role of medical schools in propagating physician bias. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(9), 872-878.
Anderson, A. N., Chan, A. R., & Roman, Y. M. (2022). Pharmacogenomics and clinical cultural competency: Pathway to overcome the limitations of race. Pharmacogenomics, (0).
Ben-Eghan, C, Sun, R. et al. (2020). Don’t ignore genetic data from minority populations. Nature, 585(7824), 184–6.
Bhatnagar, W. et al. (2015). Disparities in black and white patients with multiple myeloma referred for autologous hematopoietic transplantation: a single center study. Cancer, 121(7):1064-70.
Birney, E., Inouye, M., Raff, J., Rutherford, A., & Scally, A. (2021). The language of race, ethnicity, and ancestry in human genetic research. arXiv preprint arXiv:2106.10041.
Bliss, C. (2011). Racial Taxonomy in Genomics. Social Science & Medicine, 73(7), 1019–1127.
Bliss, C. (2012). Race Decoded: The Genomic Fight for Social Justice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Blue, B., Luo, S., Sanfilippo, K., et al. (2017). Race-based differences in routine cytogenetic profiles of patients with multiple myeloma. British Journal of Haematology, 176(2), 322-324.
Bonham, V. L., Callier, S. L., & Royal, C. D. (2016). Will precision medicine move us beyond race? The New England Journal of Medicine, 374(21), 2003.
Borrell, L. N., Elhawary, J. R., Fuentes-Afflick, E., Witonsky, J., Bhakta, N., Wu, A. H., … & Burchard, E. G. (2021). Race and genetic ancestry in medicine—A time for reckoning with racism. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(5), 474-480.
Braun, L., Wentz, A., Baker, R., Richardson, E., & Tsai, J. (2021). Racialized algorithms for kidney function: Erasing social experience. Social Science & Medicine, 268, 113548.
Brothers, K. B., Bennett, R. L., & Cho, M. K. (2021). Taking an antiracist posture in scientific publications in human genetics and genomics. Genetics in Medicine, 23(6), 1004-1007.
Callier, S. L., Cunningham, B. A., Powell, J., McDonald, M. A., & Royal, C. D. (2019). Cardiologists’ perspectives on race-based drug labels and prescribing within the context of treating heart failure. Health Equity, 3(1), 246-253.
Cerdeña, J. P., Plaisime, M. V., & Tsai, J. (2020). From race-based to race-conscious medicine: How anti-racist uprisings call us to act. The Lancet, 396(10257), 1125-1128.
Channaoui, N., Bui, K., & Mittman, I. (2020). Efforts of diversity and inclusion, cultural competency, and equity in the genetic counseling profession: A snapshot and reflection. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 29(2), 166-181.
Chin MHAfsar-Manesh NBierman AS, et al. Guiding Principles to Address the Impact of Algorithm Bias on Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health and Health Care. JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(12):e2345050. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.45050
Cullen, M. R., Lemeshow, A. R., Russo, L. J., Barnes, D. M., Ababio, Y., & Habtezion, A. (2022). Disease-Specific Health Disparities: A Targeted Review Focusing on Race and Ethnicity. In Healthcare, 10(4), 603).
Dordunoo, D., Abernethy, P., Kayuni, J., McConkey, S., & Aviles-G, M. L. (2022). Dismantling” Race” in Health Research. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 08445621221074849.
Edwards, T. L., Breeyear, J., Piekos, J. A., & Edwards, D. R. V. (2020). Equity in health: Consideration of race and ethnicity in precision medicine. Trends in Genetics, 36(11), 807-809.
Fernander, A. (2022). What does critical race theory have to do with academic medicine? Journal of the National Medical Association.
Frank, D., Gallagher, T. H., Sellers, S. L., Cooper, L. A., Price, E. G., Odunlami, A. O., & Bonham, V. L. (2010). Primary care physicians’ attitudes regarding race-based therapies. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 25(5), 384-389.
Freese, J. (2018). The arrival of social science genomics. Contemporary Sociology, 47(5), 524-536.
Gara, M., Minsky, S., Silverstein, S., Miskimen, T., & Strakowski, S. (2019). A naturalistic study of racial disparities in diagnoses at an outpatient behavioral clinic. Psychiatric Services, 70(2), 130-134.
Garvey, A., Lynch, G., Mansour, M., Coyle, A., Gard, S., & Truglio, J. (2022). From Race to Racism: Teaching a Tool to Critically Appraise the Use of Race in Medical Research. MedEdPORTAL, 18, 11210.
Goodman, C. W., & Brett, A. S. (2021). Race and Pharmacogenomics—Personalized Medicine or Misguided Practice?. JAMA, 325(7), 625-626.
Halbert, C. H. (2022). Equity in Genomic Medicine. Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics, 23.
Hindorff, L. A., Bonham, V. L., Brody, L. C., Ginoza, M. E., Hutter, C. M., Manolio, T. A., & Green, E. D. (2018). Prioritizing diversity in human genomics research. Nature Reviews Genetics, 19(3), 175-185.
Heron, S., Stettner, E., & Haley, L. (n.d.). Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Emergency Department: A Public Health Perspective. (Link)
Hogarth, R. A. (2019). Medicalizing blackness: Making racial difference in the Atlantic world 1780–1840. University of North Carolina Press.
Husain, S. A., King, K. L., & Mohan, S. (2022). Differences between Race‐based and Race‐free Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate among Living Kidney Donors. American Journal of Transplantation, 22(5), 1504-1505.
Ioannidis, J. P., Powe, N. R., & Yancy, C. (2021). Recalibrating the use of race in medical research. Jama, 325(7), 623-624.
Jain A, Brooks JR, Alford CC, et al. Awareness of racial and ethnic bias and potential solutions to address bias with use of health care algorithms. JAMA Health Forum. 2023;4(6):e231197. doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.1197
Kahn, J. (2013). Race in a bottle: The story of BiDil and racialized medicine in the genomic age. New York: Columbia University Press.
Kahn, J. (2012). The troubling persistence of race in pharmacogenomics. J Law Med Ethics, 40(4), 873–85.
Key, B., and Mumba, M. (2019). Using precision medicine to individualize healthcare. Nursing, 49(8), 43-45.
Kowal, E. (2022). Structuring Race into the Machine: The Spoiled Promise of Postgenomic Sequencing Technologies. In The Palgrave Handbook of the Anthropology of Technology (pp. 165-182). Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore.
Kulkarni S, Ladin K, Haakinson D, Greene E, Li L, Deng Y. Association of racial disparities with access to kidney transplant after the implementation of the new kidney allocation system. JAMA Surg. 2019; 154(7):618–625.
Landry, L. G., Ali, N., Williams, D. R., Rehm, H. L., & Bonham, V. L. (2018). Lack of diversity in genomic databases is a barrier to translating precision medicine research into practice. Health Affairs, 37(5), 780-785.
Lemke, A. A., Esplin, E. D., Goldenberg, A. J., Gonzaga-Jauregui, C., Hanchard, N. A., Harris-Wai, J., … & Nanibaa’A, G. (2022). Addressing underrepresentation in genomics research through community engagement. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 109(9), 1563-1571.
Lord, B. D., Martini, R. N., & Davis, M. B. (2022). Understanding how genetic ancestry may influence cancer development. Trends in Cancer.
Lujan, H. L., & DiCarlo, S. E. (2018). The “African gene” theory: it is time to stop teaching and promoting the slavery hypertension hypothesis. Advances in Physiology Education, 42(3), 412-416.
Magavern, E. F., Gurdasani, D., Ng, F. L., & Lee, S. S. J. (2022). Health equality, race and pharmacogenomics. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 88(1), 27-33.
Maglo, K., Rubinstein, J., Huang, B., & Ittenbach, R. (2014). BiDil in the clinic: An interdisciplinary investigation of physicians’ prescription patterns of a race-based therapy. AJOB Empirical Bioethics, 5(4), 37-52.
Matthews-Juarez , P. and Juarez, P. (2017). Cultural Competency, Human Genomics, and the Elimination of Health Disparities. Social Work in Public Health, 26(4), 349-365.
Mohottige, D., Boulware, L. E., Ford, C. L., Jones, C., & Norris, K. C. (2022). Use of race in kidney research and medicine: concepts, principles, and practice. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 17(2), 314-322.
Montoya, M. (2011). Making the Mexican Diabetic: Race, Science, and the Genetics of Inequality. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Mullen, M., Zhang, A., Lui, G. K., Romfh, A. W., Rhee, J. W., & Wu, J. C. (2021). Race and genetics in congenital heart disease: Application of iPSCs, omics, and machine learning technologies. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 8, 37.
Nielsen, R. (2021). Modern population genetics and race. In Remapping Race in a Global Context (pp. 157-163). Routledge.
Nuriddin, A., Mooney, G., & White, A. I. R. (2020). Reckoning with histories of medical racism and violence in the USA. Lancet, 396 (10256), 949–951.
Obermeyer Z, Powers B, Vogeli C, Mullainathan S. Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations. Science. 2019; 366(6464):447–453.
Parsons S. Addressing Racial Biases in Medicine: A Review of the Literature, Critique, and Recommendations. International Journal of Health Services. 2020;50(4):371-386.
Popejoy, A. B., Ritter, D. I., Crooks, K., Currey, E., Fullerton, S. M., Hindorff, L. A., … & Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) Ancestry and Diversity Working Group (ADWG). (2018). The clinical imperative for inclusivity: Race, ethnicity, and ancestry (REA) in genomics. Human Mutation, 39(11), 1713-1720.
Obermeyer Z, Powers B, Vogeli C, Mullainathan S. Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations. Science. 2019;366(6464):447-453. doi:10.1126/science.aax2342
Oni-Orisan, A., Mavura, Y., Banda, Y., Thornton, T. A., & Sebro, R. (2021). Embracing genetic diversity to improve Black health. New England Journal of Medicine, 384(12), 1163-1167.
Ortega, V., & Meyer, D. (2014). Pharmacogenetics: Implications of race and ethnicity on defining genetic profiles for personalized medicine. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 133(1), 16-26.
Powe, N. R. (2020). Black kidney function matters: Use or misuse of race? Jama, 324(8), 737-738.
Reddick, B. (2021). Fallacies and dangers of practicing race-based medicine. American Family Physician, 104(2), 122-123.
Richmond II, S. P., & Grubbs, V. (2022). How Abolition of Race-Based Medicine Is Necessary to American Health Justice. AMA Journal of Ethics, 24(3), 226-232.
Roberts, D. (2021). Abolish race correction. Lancet, 397(10268), 17–8.
Schiff, T., & Caplan, A. (2022). Imperfect Improvement: Estimating Kidney Filtration without a Race Coefficient. Clinical Chemistry, 68(4), 487-488.
Schoenthaler, A., Montague, E., Baier, L., Brown, R., Schwartz, M. and Linzer, M. (2014). Patient-physician racial/ethnic concordance and blood pressure control: The role of trust and medication adherence. Ethn Health, 19(5), 565-78.
Scott, J., Cousin, L., Woo, J., Gonzalez-Guarda, R., & Simmons, L. A. (2022). Equity in genomics: A brief report on cardiovascular health disparities in African American adults. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 37(1), 58-63.
Shim, J., Ackerman, S., Darling, K., Hiatt, R. and Soo-Jin Lee, S. (2014). Race and Ancestry in the Age of Inclusion: Technique and Meaning in Post-Genomic Science. J Health Soc Behav., 55(4), 504–518.
Sjoding, M. W., Dickson, R. P., Iwashyna, T. J., Gay, S. E., & Valley, T. S. (2020). Racial bias in pulse oximetry measurement. The New England Journal of Medicine, 383(25), 2477–2478.
Skeen, K., & Wall, B. M. (2023). Nursing and eugenics in the early 20th century United States. Nursing Outlook, 71(5), 102018.
Skinner, D. (2020). Forensic genetics and the prediction of race: What is the problem? BioSocieties, 15(3), 329-349.
Tong, M., & Artiga, S. (2021). Use of race in clinical diagnosis and decision making: Overview and implications. https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/use-of-race-in-clinical-diagnosis-and-decision-making-overview-and-implications/
Tsai, J. (2022). How Should Educators and Publishers Eliminate Racial Essentialism? AMA Journal of Ethics, 24(3), 201-211.
van Ryn, M., Burgess, D., Dovidio, J., Phelan, S., Saha, S., Malat, J., . . . Perry, S. (2011). The impact of racism on clinician cognition, behavior, and clinical decision making. Du Bois Review, 8(1), 99-218.
Vandiver, K. M., Erdei, E., Mayer, A. G., Ricciardi, C., O’Leary, M., Burke, K., & Zelikoff, J. T. (2022). Building Environmental Health and Genomics Literacy among Healthcare Providers Serving Vulnerable Communities: An Innovative Educational Framework. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 929.
Vyas, D. A., Eisenstein, L. G., & Jones, D. S. (2020). Hidden in plain sight—reconsidering the use of race correction in clinical algorithms. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(9), 874-882.
Wailoo, K. (2018). Historical aspects of race and medicine: The case of J. Marion Sims. JAMA, 320(15), 1529-1530.
Woods, D., Mentes, J., Cadogan, M. and Phillips, L. (2017). Aging, Genetic Variations, and Ethnopharmacology: Building Cultural competence through awareness of drug responses in elderly minority elders. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 28(1), 56-62.
Wright, J. L., Freed, G. L., Hendricks-Muñoz, K. D., Jarvis, J. N., Maldonado, Y. A., Raphael, J. L., … & Coyne-Beasley, T. D. (2022). Achieving equity through science and integrity: Dismantling race-based medicine. Pediatric Research, 1-4.
Yearby, R. (2021). Race based medicine, colorblind disease: How racism in medicine harms us all. The American Journal of Bioethics, 21(2), 19-27.
Yudell, M., Roberts, D., DeSalle, R., & Tishkoff, S. (2016). Taking race out of human genetics. Science, 351(6273), 564-565.
Zappas, M., Walton-Moss, B., Sanchez, C., Hildebrand, J. A., & Kirkland, T. (2021). The decolonization of nursing education. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 17(2), 225–229.
Zavala, V. A., Bracci, P. M., Carethers, J. M., Carvajal-Carmona, L., Coggins, N. B., Cruz-Correa, M. R., … & Fejerman, L. (2021). Cancer health disparities in racial/ethnic minorities in the United States. British journal of cancer, 124(2), 315-332.
Zewude, R., & Sharma, M. (2021). Critical race theory in medicine. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 193(20), E739–E741.
Zhang, F., & Finkelstein, J. (2019). Inconsistency in race and ethnic classification in pharmacogenetics studies and its potential clinical implications. Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine, 12, 107.
Resource Links
- American Medical Association
- American Public Health Association
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
- Health Equity Guiding Principles for Inclusive Communication
- NIH Ending Structural Racism
- The Genetic Counseling Cultural and Linguistic Competence Toolkit (GCCCT)
- Racism and Health (CDC)
- Impact of Racism on Our Nation’s Health (CDC)
- CDC Core Health Equity Science and Intervention Strategy (CDC)